Define responsibilities and boundaries
Where will sensor data be processed? What sends control commands? How are errors communicated? Map the entire system before separate disciplines begin development.
Document the interfaces
Record communication methods, data formats, units, update rates, and error handling. Shared definitions reduce misunderstandings and make changes easier to track.
Make time for integration testing
Parts that work individually may behave differently as an integrated system. Include checks under actual equipment and operating conditions in your development schedule.